— And cable anti-S antibody levels were the exact same for preterm and full-term pregnancies, research study reveals
by
Katherine KahnStaff Writer, MedPage Today
January 19, 2024
For pregnant individuals, 3 dosages of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine led to 10-fold greater antibody levels in umbilical cable samples of preterm and full-term shipments compared to just 2 dosages, a potential friend research study revealed.
Geometric mean concentration of cable SARS-CoV-2 anti-Spike (anti-S) antibodies increased from 1,000 after 2 dosages of vaccine to 9,992 for those who got 3 or more dosages (P< 0.001), reported Alisa Kachikis, MD, of the University of Washington in Seattle, and coworkers in JAMA Network Open
In addition, concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 anti-S antibodies in paired maternal blood samples substantially increased, from 674 in those who got 2 vaccine dosages to 8,159 in those who got 3 or more dosages (P< 0.001).
Especially, cable anti-S antibody levels were comparable in preterm and full-term pregnancies, with geometric mean concentrations of 8,818 and 10,423, respectively (P=0.34). After changing for vaccine timing and dosage number before shipment, there was no association in between preterm shipment and cable anti-S antibody levels (β=0.44, 95% CI -0.06 to 0.94).
“This research study and previous research studies would recommend that pathogen-specific IgG concentrations in maternal blood need to initially be enhanced to increase baby IgG concentrations,” the authors composed.
For both preterm and full-term pregnancies, the average time in between last vaccine dosage and shipment was 16 weeks, and the mean gestational age at last vaccine dosage was 25 weeks.
“Changes in antibody levels didn’t actually appear to associate much with gestational age at the time of birth, so we should not always time a booster injection to the last couple of weeks of pregnancy thinking that’s going to be most protective for the newborn,” Angela Bianco, MD, director of maternal-fetal medication at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York City, informed MedPage Today“We most likely must motivate females even previously in pregnancy or at the start of pregnancy to get enhanced if they have not currently.”
A research study from October revealed that maternal mRNA COVID-19 vaccination throughout pregnancy secured young babies from COVID-related hospitalization, and another research study discovered that maternal vaccination decreased dangers of bad neonatal resultsA current CDC study revealed that although 58.7% of pregnant females had actually finished the main COVID vaccination series, just 27.3% reported getting an upgraded booster dosage before or throughout their present pregnancy.
The existing research study registered 220 pregnant people at the University of Washington from February 2021 through January 2023. All had actually gotten a minimum of 2 dosages of mRNA COVID vaccine before delivering and had no history of previous COVID infection (verified by the lack of anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antibodies at shipment). The mean age of individuals was 34 years, and roughly 82% were white.
Amongst individuals, 121 got 2 dosages of an mRNA vaccine and 99 got 3 or more vaccine dosages, before or throughout pregnancy. Of the 36 preterm shipments, the average gestational age was 35.1 weeks, however varied from around 28 to 37 weeks, consisting of 19.4% provided at less than 34 weeks. The 184 full-term babies were provided at a typical 39.5 weeks. Cesarean area shipment was more typical amongst preterm babies than those reached complete term (66.7% vs 35%, respectively).
Kachikis and coworkers kept in mind that the research study was restricted by its little sample size. Since choice requirements needed individuals to have actually gotten a minimum of 2 dosages of an mRNA vaccine, the research study population was restricted to those with high vaccine approval rates.
Bianco likewise kept in mind that the research study population was primarily white people with personal medical insurance who had actually never ever had COVID. In addition, really couple of early preterm shipments were consisted of and the scientists did not define the reasons for preterm shipments. These elements imply the findings of the research study may not use to other populations, she described.
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Katherine Kahn is a personnel author at MedPage Today, covering the contagious illness beat. She has actually been a medical author for over 15 years.
Disclosures
The research study was moneyed by grants from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, the Women’s Reproductive Health Research Award, the Thrasher Research Fund, and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences.
Kachikis reported working as an unsettled specialist for Pfizer and GlaxoSmithKline and as a co-investigator for Merck and Pfizer outside the sent work.
One co-author reported getting grants from AstraZeneca, GSK, Pfizer, and Merck, and individual costs from AbbVie, AstraZeneca, Meissa Vaccines, Moderna, Sanofi Pasteur, Pfizer, and Ark Biopharma. Another reported getting grants from Gilead and main screening agreements with Abbott, Pfizer, Cepheid, Novavax, Janssen, and Hologic.
Bianco reported no ties to market.
Main Source
JAMA Network Open
Source Reference: Kachikis A, et al “Timing of maternal COVID-19 vaccine and antibody concentrations in babies born preterm” JAMA Netw Open 2024; DOI: 10.1001/ jamanetworkopen.2023.52387.